• Opinion

The Complex Relationship Between Hun Sen and Thaksin: A Regional Perspective

• By Vichana Sar
• February 26, 2024 2:00 PM

The relationship between Former Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen and former Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra in Southeast Asian politics is complex and intriguing. Although it may seem to be primarily political, there are many other factors at play, such as regional dynamics, shared interests, and the evolving geopolitical landscape, that make their connection multifaceted.

On one hand, critics argue that the alliance between Hun Sen and Thaksin underscores a disregard for democratic values, given Thaksin's controversial tenure in Thailand, marked by corruption allegations and power abuses. However, proponents of the relationship posit that it is rooted in pragmatism, emphasising the pursuit of economic development and regional stability.

The economic dimension is a significant factor in understanding the ties between the two leaders. Thaksin, a successful businessman-turned-politician, implemented populist policies that appealed to a broad base in Thailand. Similarly, Hun Sen's long-standing rule in Cambodia has been characterised by economic growth and infrastructural development. Both leaders have sought to leverage their economic success to bolster their political standing, fostering a mutual understanding based on shared strategies for economic advancement.

In terms of geopolitical dimensions, the relationship between Hun Sen and Thaksin has been shaped by the broader dynamics of Southeast Asia as the region has undergone a shift in alliances and power balances with nations seeking partnerships that align with their interests. 

One key geopolitical factor that influences the relationship between Hun Sen and Thaksin is their shared interest in economic cooperation. Both leaders have recognised the importance of fostering strong economic ties to enhance regional stability. For instance, Thaksin pushed for closer economic integration within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), which aligns with Hun Sen’s efforts to promote economic development in Cambodia.

Another dimension involves their positions on major powers. While Thaksin sought to balance relations between the United States and China, leveraging economic partnerships with both, Hun Sen sought close ties with China in terms of economic and diplomatic cooperation. This difference in their geopolitical alignments added complexity to their relationship, as it intersects with broader regional power dynamics.

Furthermore, the issue of political stability in their respective countries shapes the dynamics between Hun Sen and Thaksin. Thaksin’s tenure was marked by political turbulence, including protests and his eventual ousting. In contrast, Hun Sen has maintained a prolonged political tenure in Cambodia, consolidating power. This contrast in political stability contributes to the intricacies of their relationship, with each leader navigating their domestic challenges while engaging on the regional stage.

These geopolitical factors, intertwined with economic collaboration, divergent alignments with major powers, and differing levels of political stability, paint a nuanced picture of the complex relationship between Hun Sen and Thaksin within the context of regional transformation and increasing geopolitical rivalry.

Nevertheless, it is crucial to acknowledge the criticisms levelled against this relationship. Critics argue that it may undermine democratic principles and accountability, especially in the face of Thaksin's controversial legacy. Additionally, concerns have been raised about the potential impact on regional stability, as alliances based on shared interests rather than shared values may prove fragile in the long run.

As the political landscape in Southeast Asia continues to evolve, the relationship between Hun Sen and Thaksin will undoubtedly face challenges and adaptations. Both leaders must strike a balance between pursuing their national interests and upholding democratic values, as the repercussions of their alliance extend beyond their respective borders. Ultimately, the complex tapestry of the relationship between Hun Sen and Thaksin reflects the intricate web of politics, economics, and geopolitics in the Southeast Asian region.